Urinary tract infection
AUrinary tract infection, or UTI, can affect any or all parts of the urinary system but most commonly affects the bladder and urethra.
Bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract, especially Escherichia coli (E. coli), are the most common cause of urinary tract infections. These bacteria spread from the anus to the urethra. Sexual activity can cause it, but UTI is not considered a sexually transmitted disease.
Women are at higher risk of UTIs than men. Due to the female anatomy, the opening of the urethra is not far from the anus. Those who use catheters to urinate are also susceptible to urinary tract infections.
Common symptoms of less serious UTIs include discomfort and pressure in the lower abdomen; burning or discomfort when urinating; and cloudy or discolored urine.
Left untreated, the infection can spread to the kidneys and cause a medical emergency.
Diagnosis is made by asking the patient to describe the symptoms and examining a sample of urine for bacteria.
UTIs are caused by bacteria and can therefore be treated with antibiotics.
Prevention includes good hygiene and drinking plenty of water.
possible pregnancy
The first sign of pregnancy is often a missed period, but many women experience symptoms soon after conception:
- Implantation bleeding can occur after six to 12 days when the fertilized egg implants in the lining of the womb. This can cause mild cramping with light bleeding or spotting.
- Fatigue and increased need for sleep can occur within a week.
- Breast tenderness can start in a week or two.
- Nausea ("morning sickness") can occur after two to eight weeks.
If pregnancy is suspected, testing should be done before appropriate prenatal care can be instituted. It is important to avoid certain behaviors during pregnancy, such as B. drinking alcohol or taking certain drugs or medication, so an early diagnosis should be made.
Over-the-counter home pregnancy tests are available at any drug store. A positive test is almost certainly correct, but a negative test with other symptoms can be a false negative and should be tried again in a week.
Rarity:together
Main Symptoms:Tiredness, feeling or being sick, gas, bloody vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding
Symptoms that always appear before a possible pregnancy:missed period
Symptoms that never occur with a possible pregnancy:painful urination, severe abdominal pain
Urgency:self treatment
pelvic inflammatory disease
pelvic inflammatory disease, or PID, is the general term for a bacterial infection of a woman's reproductive system.
PID is often a complication of a sexually transmitted disease (STD) such as gonorrhea or chlamydia. However, it is possible to get PID for other reasons.
Any woman can be affected. It is most commonly found in sexually active women under the age of 25, particularly women who have had PID, have multiple partners, and/or shower frequently.
Symptoms include fever, lower abdominal pain, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, pain and/or bleeding during intercourse, and painful urination.
Untreated PGD can lead to infertility and chronic pelvic and abdominal pain due to damaged tissue in the reproductive tract. Even unprotected sexual partners become infected.
Diagnosis is based on symptoms, pelvic exam, vaginal and cervical swabs, and urinalysis.
Treatment is with a range of antibiotics. Make sure you take all of your medicine as prescribed, even if you feel better.
To prevent PID, have all your partners (male or female) tested for STDs and avoid unprotected sexual contact.
Rarity:together
Main Symptoms:Fever, abdominal pain or unusual vaginal discharge, vaginal discharge, nausea or vomiting, vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain
Symptoms that always occur with pelvic inflammatory disease:Fever, abdominal pain or unusual vaginal discharge
Urgency:personal visit
Ovulation pain (Mittlere pain) or spotting in the middle of the cycle
medium painis a German word that translates to "Mittel Pain". It refers to the normal discomfort women sometimes experience during ovulation, which occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
Each month, one of the two ovaries produces a follicle that contains an egg. The pain occurs when the follicle ruptures and releases the egg.
This is a dull cramping sensation that can suddenly appear on only one side of the lower abdomen. In some cases, vaginal spotting may occur. The middle pain occurs about 14 days before the start of the next menstrual period.
True Mittel Pain is not associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, or severe pelvic pain. These symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor as they may indicate a more serious condition.
The diagnosis is made by the patient's medical history.
Treatment requires only over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve pain. An oral contraceptive stops symptoms because it also stops ovulation.
Rarity:together
Main Symptoms:Abdominal pain (stomach ache), last menstrual period about 2 weeks ago, vaginal bleeding, bloody vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain
Symptoms that always occur with ovulation pain (middle pain) or spotting:last period about 2 weeks ago
Urgency:self treatment
ovarian torsion
Ovarian torsion, also called adnexal torsion or tuboovarian torsion, is the twisting of the "stalk," or fleshy supporting stalk, of the ovary.
This condition can occur when a mass forms on the surface of the ovary and pulls on it. This is most often a complication of cystic ovaries.
It is more common in women under 30 or going through menopause. It can occur during pregnancy.
Symptoms are severe unilateral abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting.
The diagnosis is made by ultrasound. The ovary appears enlarged due to the torsion that cuts off blood flow. There will be free pelvic fluid and a twisted stem.
Ovarian torsion is a medical emergency. The ovary can die from loss of circulation and cause an infection, abscess, or peritonitis. Surgery must be performed to prevent tissue death and subsequent complications. In most cases, the affected ovary will need to be removed, which will also remove the cyst or mass that caused the torsion.
Proper treatment of PCOS can help prevent at least one cause of ovarian torsion.
Rarity:Cru
Main Symptoms:Abdominal pain (abdominal pain), nausea or vomiting, nausea, moderate abdominal pain, loss of appetite
Symptoms that never occur with ovarian torsion:Diarrhea, pain under the ribs, mild abdominal pain
Urgency:hospital emergency
ovarian cyst
During her reproductive years, a woman's ovaries release a single egg each month. But sometimes the egg stays on the surface of the ovary, where the surrounding follicle continues to grow. So it becomes a complete liquid.ovarian cyst.
Ovarian cysts can be caused by hormonal imbalances; by endometriotic tissue when attached to the ovary; and for severe pelvic infections that spread to the ovaries. Cysts can also form during pregnancy.
Small ovarian cysts usually don't cause any symptoms. Larger cysts can cause pelvic pain, back pain, unexplained weight gain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and/or painful intercourse. Ovarian cysts are almost never a form of cancer.
Sudden, severe abdominal pain can indicate a ruptured cyst. This is a medical emergency and the patient should go to an emergency room or call 9-1-1.
The diagnosis is made by ultrasound.
Hormonal contraceptives such as the pill, injection or patch prevent ovulation and thus prevent cyst formation. In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove the cyst.
Rarity:Cru
Main Symptoms:Bloating, vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, lower abdominal pain, lower back pain
Urgency:family doctor
Normal variation of constipation
Constipation means bowel movements that are infrequent and/or heavy and difficult to pass.
What is considered "normal" when it comes to frequency of bowel movements varies widely. Between three times a day and three times a week is considered normal.
As long as bowel movements are light, laxatives should not be used to force the body into a more frequent schedule.
Constipation is usually caused by a lack of fiber in the diet; not drinking enough water; insufficient exercise; and often suppression of the urge to defecate.
Various medications and remedies, especially narcotic pain relievers, can cause constipation.
Women are often affected due to pregnancy and other hormonal changes. Young children who require a low-fiber or “junk food” diet are also susceptible.
Constipation is a condition, not a disease, and most of the time it's easy to fix. If simple adjustments to diet, exercise, and bowel habits don't help, a doctor may be consulted to rule out a more serious cause.
Rarity:together
Main Symptoms:Abdominal pain (stomach ache), nausea, gas, constipation, constipation
Symptoms that always appear with the normal variation of constipation:called
Symptoms that never appear with the normal variant of constipation:to vomit
Urgency:self treatment
Darmentzündung (Diverticulitis)
When the passage of food through the colon slows, food can stagnate, swell, create pressure, and lead to the formation of diverticula, or sacs, in the walls of the colon. When these pockets become inflamed, the condition is calledDiverticulitis.
Risk factors include a low-fiber diet, smoking, obesity, chronic constipation, and a lack of "good" bacteria in the gut.
Patients over age 50 with a history of inflammatory bowel disease are more susceptible.
Symptoms include persistent abdominal pain; Fever; nausea and vomiting; and constipation sometimes alternating with diarrhea.
Left untreated, diverticulitis can lead to bowel obstruction and scarring. An inflamed sac can rupture and lead to peritonitis. These are medical emergencies. If suspected, take the patient to the emergency room or call 9-1-1.
Diagnosis is by excluding other disorders by physical examination; blood, urine and stool tests; and computed tomography.
Less severe cases are treated with a high-fiber diet, fluids, probiotics, antibiotics, and lifestyle management. Others may require intravenous antibiotics and/or surgery.
Rarity:Unusual
Main Symptoms:Abdominal pain (stomach ache), nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, constipation
Symptoms that never occur with intestinal inflammation (diverticulitis):Pain under the ribs, pain in the upper right abdomen
Urgency:hospital emergency
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, the small, finger-shaped pouch that protrudes from the large intestine in the lower-right part of the abdomen.
Inflammation is caused by anything blocking or irritating the opening or walls of the appendix, such as: B. hard stool or damage from other intestinal diseases. The blocked appendix can quickly become swollen with bacteria and pus.
Appendicitis is most common between the ages of 13 and 30, but it can affect anyone.
Symptoms include sudden, severe abdominal pain that begins near the belly button and then spreads to the lower right side. There may be low fever; nausea and vomiting; bloating; and constipation or diarrhea.
Left untreated, an infected appendix can rupture and cause a life-threatening abdominal infection called peritonitis. BecauseAppendicitisit is a medical emergency. If suspected, take the patient to the emergency room or call 9-1-1.
Diagnosis is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, blood and urine tests, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or X-rays.
An inflamed appendix should be surgically removed as soon as possible.
Questions your doctor may ask about lower right abdominal pain
- Were you sick?
- Have you had a fever today or in the past week?
- Have you lost your appetite lately?
- How would you describe the nature of your abdominal pain?
Self-diagnosis with ourbuoy companionIf you answered yes to any of these questions.